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Merits or Advantages of Integrated Circuits

The integrated circuits offer a number of advantages over those made by interconnecting discrete components. These are summarized as follows
 
 
Extremely small size—thousands times smaller than discrete circuit. It is because of fabrication of various circuit elements in a single chip of semi-conductor material


Very small weight owing to miniaturized circuit


Very low cost because of simultaneous production of hundreds of similar circuits on a small semiconductor wafer. Owing to mass production an IC costs as much as an individual transistor

 
 
More reliable because of elimination of soldered joints and need for fewer inter-connections


Low power consumption because of their smaller size

Easy replacement as it is more economical to replace them than to repair them


Increased operating speeds because of absence of parasitic capacitance effect


Close matching of components and temperature coefficients because of bulk produc¬tion in batches



Improved functional performance as more complex circuits can be fabricated for achieving better characteristics

Greater ability of operating at extreme temperatures
 
 
Suitable for small signal operation because of no chance of stray electrical pickup as various components of an IC are located very close to each other on a silicon wafer

No component project above the chip surface in an IC as all the components are formed within the chip

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